Integrand size = 16, antiderivative size = 77 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{a^{3/2} f}-\frac {b \tan (e+f x)}{a (a+b) f \sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}} \]
arctan(a^(1/2)*tan(f*x+e)/(a+b+b*tan(f*x+e)^2)^(1/2))/a^(3/2)/f-b*tan(f*x+ e)/a/(a+b)/f/(a+b+b*tan(f*x+e)^2)^(1/2)
Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(168\) vs. \(2(77)=154\).
Time = 1.05 (sec) , antiderivative size = 168, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.18 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\frac {(a+2 b+a \cos (2 (e+f x))) \sec ^3(e+f x) \left (\sqrt {a+b} \arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \sin (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right ) (a+2 b+a \cos (2 (e+f x)))-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a} b \sqrt {\frac {a+2 b+a \cos (2 (e+f x))}{a+b}} \sin (e+f x)\right )}{4 a^{3/2} (a+b) f \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {\frac {a+b-a \sin ^2(e+f x)}{a+b}}} \]
((a + 2*b + a*Cos[2*(e + f*x)])*Sec[e + f*x]^3*(Sqrt[a + b]*ArcSin[(Sqrt[a ]*Sin[e + f*x])/Sqrt[a + b]]*(a + 2*b + a*Cos[2*(e + f*x)]) - Sqrt[2]*Sqrt [a]*b*Sqrt[(a + 2*b + a*Cos[2*(e + f*x)])/(a + b)]*Sin[e + f*x]))/(4*a^(3/ 2)*(a + b)*f*(a + b*Sec[e + f*x]^2)^(3/2)*Sqrt[(a + b - a*Sin[e + f*x]^2)/ (a + b)])
Time = 0.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 75, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.97, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.312, Rules used = {3042, 4616, 296, 291, 216}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec (e+f x)^2\right )^{3/2}}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 4616 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\int \frac {1}{\left (\tan ^2(e+f x)+1\right ) \left (b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b\right )^{3/2}}d\tan (e+f x)}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 296 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{\left (\tan ^2(e+f x)+1\right ) \sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}d\tan (e+f x)}{a}-\frac {b \tan (e+f x)}{a (a+b) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 291 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{\frac {a \tan ^2(e+f x)}{b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}+1}d\frac {\tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}}{a}-\frac {b \tan (e+f x)}{a (a+b) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 216 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}\right )}{a^{3/2}}-\frac {b \tan (e+f x)}{a (a+b) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}}{f}\) |
(ArcTan[(Sqrt[a]*Tan[e + f*x])/Sqrt[a + b + b*Tan[e + f*x]^2]]/a^(3/2) - ( b*Tan[e + f*x])/(a*(a + b)*Sqrt[a + b + b*Tan[e + f*x]^2]))/f
3.2.15.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]))*A rcTan[Rt[b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a , 0] || GtQ[b, 0])
Int[1/(Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2]*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2)), x_Symbol] :> Subst [Int[1/(c - (b*c - a*d)*x^2), x], x, x/Sqrt[a + b*x^2]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2)^(q_), x_Symbol] :> Sim p[(-b)*x*(a + b*x^2)^(p + 1)*((c + d*x^2)^(q + 1)/(2*a*(p + 1)*(b*c - a*d)) ), x] + Simp[(b*c + 2*(p + 1)*(b*c - a*d))/(2*a*(p + 1)*(b*c - a*d)) Int[ (a + b*x^2)^(p + 1)*(c + d*x^2)^q, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, q}, x] && N eQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && EqQ[2*(p + q + 2) + 1, 0] && (LtQ[p, -1] || !LtQ[q, -1 ]) && NeQ[p, -1]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sec[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> With[{ff = FreeFactors[Tan[e + f*x], x]}, Simp[ff/f Subst[Int[(a + b + b*ff^2*x^2)^p /(1 + ff^2*x^2), x], x, Tan[e + f*x]/ff], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, e, f, p}, x] && NeQ[a + b, 0] && NeQ[p, -1]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(514\) vs. \(2(69)=138\).
Time = 3.69 (sec) , antiderivative size = 515, normalized size of antiderivative = 6.69
| method | result | size |
| default | \(-\frac {\left (b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}\right ) \left (-\cos \left (f x +e \right ) \ln \left (4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}-4 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) a \right ) \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, a -\sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \ln \left (4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}-4 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) a \right ) b \cos \left (f x +e \right )+\sqrt {-a}\, b \sin \left (f x +e \right )-\sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \ln \left (4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}-4 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) a \right ) a -\sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \ln \left (4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}-4 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) a \right ) b \right ) \sec \left (f x +e \right )^{3}}{f \left (a +b \right ) a \sqrt {-a}\, \left (a +b \sec \left (f x +e \right )^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\) | \(515\) |
-1/f/(a+b)/a/(-a)^(1/2)*(b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)*(-cos(f*x+e)*ln(4*(-a)^(1/2)*(( b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e)+4*(-a)^(1/2)*((b+a*co s(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)-4*sin(f*x+e)*a)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1 +cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*a-((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*ln(4*( -a)^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e)+4*(-a)^(1 /2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)-4*sin(f*x+e)*a)*b*cos(f*x+ e)+(-a)^(1/2)*b*sin(f*x+e)-((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*ln( 4*(-a)^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e)+4*(-a) ^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)-4*sin(f*x+e)*a)*a-((b+a *cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*ln(4*(-a)^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2) /(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e)+4*(-a)^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+co s(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)-4*sin(f*x+e)*a)*b)/(a+b*sec(f*x+e)^2)^(3/2)*sec(f*x+e)^ 3
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 240 vs. \(2 (69) = 138\).
Time = 0.43 (sec) , antiderivative size = 601, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.81 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\left [-\frac {8 \, a b \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) \sin \left (f x + e\right ) + {\left ({\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a b + b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-a} \log \left (128 \, a^{4} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{8} - 256 \, {\left (a^{4} - a^{3} b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{6} + 32 \, {\left (5 \, a^{4} - 14 \, a^{3} b + 5 \, a^{2} b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} + a^{4} - 28 \, a^{3} b + 70 \, a^{2} b^{2} - 28 \, a b^{3} + b^{4} - 32 \, {\left (a^{4} - 7 \, a^{3} b + 7 \, a^{2} b^{2} - a b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 8 \, {\left (16 \, a^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{7} - 24 \, {\left (a^{3} - a^{2} b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{5} + 2 \, {\left (5 \, a^{3} - 14 \, a^{2} b + 5 \, a b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} - {\left (a^{3} - 7 \, a^{2} b + 7 \, a b^{2} - b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \sin \left (f x + e\right )\right )}{8 \, {\left ({\left (a^{4} + a^{3} b\right )} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + {\left (a^{3} b + a^{2} b^{2}\right )} f\right )}}, -\frac {4 \, a b \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) \sin \left (f x + e\right ) + {\left ({\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a b + b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {a} \arctan \left (\frac {{\left (8 \, a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{5} - 8 \, {\left (a^{2} - a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + {\left (a^{2} - 6 \, a b + b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {a} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}}}{4 \, {\left (2 \, a^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - a^{2} b + a b^{2} - {\left (a^{3} - 3 \, a^{2} b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}\right )} \sin \left (f x + e\right )}\right )}{4 \, {\left ({\left (a^{4} + a^{3} b\right )} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + {\left (a^{3} b + a^{2} b^{2}\right )} f\right )}}\right ] \]
[-1/8*(8*a*b*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)*cos(f*x + e)*sin( f*x + e) + ((a^2 + a*b)*cos(f*x + e)^2 + a*b + b^2)*sqrt(-a)*log(128*a^4*c os(f*x + e)^8 - 256*(a^4 - a^3*b)*cos(f*x + e)^6 + 32*(5*a^4 - 14*a^3*b + 5*a^2*b^2)*cos(f*x + e)^4 + a^4 - 28*a^3*b + 70*a^2*b^2 - 28*a*b^3 + b^4 - 32*(a^4 - 7*a^3*b + 7*a^2*b^2 - a*b^3)*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 8*(16*a^3*cos(f*x + e)^7 - 24*(a^3 - a^2*b)*cos(f*x + e)^5 + 2*(5*a^3 - 14*a^2*b + 5*a*b^2) *cos(f*x + e)^3 - (a^3 - 7*a^2*b + 7*a*b^2 - b^3)*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(-a)*s qrt((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)*sin(f*x + e)))/((a^4 + a^3*b)*f *cos(f*x + e)^2 + (a^3*b + a^2*b^2)*f), -1/4*(4*a*b*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)*cos(f*x + e)*sin(f*x + e) + ((a^2 + a*b)*cos(f*x + e )^2 + a*b + b^2)*sqrt(a)*arctan(1/4*(8*a^2*cos(f*x + e)^5 - 8*(a^2 - a*b)* cos(f*x + e)^3 + (a^2 - 6*a*b + b^2)*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(a)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)/((2*a^3*cos(f*x + e)^4 - a^2*b + a*b^2 - (a^3 - 3*a^2*b)*cos(f*x + e)^2)*sin(f*x + e))))/((a^4 + a^3*b)*f*cos(f*x + e)^ 2 + (a^3*b + a^2*b^2)*f)]
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\left (a + b \sec ^{2}{\left (e + f x \right )}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\, dx \]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 2055 vs. \(2 (69) = 138\).
Time = 0.54 (sec) , antiderivative size = 2055, normalized size of antiderivative = 26.69 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
-1/2*(2*a*b*cos(1/2*arctan2(a*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*sin(2*f*x + 2 *e), a*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + a))*sin(2*f*x + 2 *e) - 2*(a^2 + a*b)*sin(1/2*arctan2(a*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*sin(2 *f*x + 2*e), a*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + a))^3 - 2 *(a*b*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + (a^2 + a*b)*cos(1/2*arctan2(a*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*sin(2*f*x + 2*e), a*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + a))^2 - a^2 - 2*a*b)*sin(1/2*arctan2(a*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2 *b)*sin(2*f*x + 2*e), a*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + a)) - (a^2*cos(4*f*x + 4*e)^2 + a^2*sin(4*f*x + 4*e)^2 + 4*(a^2 + 4*a*b + 4*b^2)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + 4*(a^2 + 2*a*b)*sin(4*f*x + 4*e)*sin(2*f*x + 2 *e) + 4*(a^2 + 4*a*b + 4*b^2)*sin(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + a^2 + 2*(a^2 + 2*(a^2 + 2*a*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e))*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 4*(a^2 + 2*a*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2 *e))^(1/4)*(((a + b)*cos(1/2*arctan2(a*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*sin( 2*f*x + 2*e), a*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + a))^2 + (a + b)*sin(1/2*arctan2(a*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*sin(2*f*x + 2*e), a*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 2*(a + 2*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + a))^2)*arctan2(2*a*si n(2*f*x + 2*e) + 2*(a^2*cos(4*f*x + 4*e)^2 + a^2*sin(4*f*x + 4*e)^2 + 4*(a ^2 + 4*a*b + 4*b^2)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + 4*(a^2 + 2*a*b)*sin(4*f*x + 4*e)* sin(2*f*x + 2*e) + 4*(a^2 + 4*a*b + 4*b^2)*sin(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + a^2 + 2*(a ^2 + 2*(a^2 + 2*a*b)*cos(2*f*x + 2*e))*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 4*(a^2 + 2*a*...
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (b \sec \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{{\left (a+\frac {b}{{\cos \left (e+f\,x\right )}^2}\right )}^{3/2}} \,d x \]